What is the Boiling Point Definition?

What is the Boiling Point Definition?Let's define a boiling point (Bp) for the sake of this article. The Bp of an object is the temperature at which it will expand to break down. Some of the things we boil our water, vegetables, fat, and tobacco.I used to boil water in a kettle every morning to drink during the winter months and the summer months. It was pure joy as the mineral deposits were drawn up to the top and then poured out into the sewer. However, as time went by I found it much more efficient to use the stove and boil my water in the microwave. Still, I did not like the taste of the hot water that I was boiling.Definition: The boiling point is the temperature at which an element will expand to break down. In simple terms, the point at which the substance will expand beyond its melting point to be dissipated in the steam. The boiling point can be adjusted by varying the amount of heat released. For example, an object heated at a high temperature will have a higher boiling poi nt than one heated at a lower temperature. A less common way to define the boiling point is to consider that when the material reaches the point of no return, the rate of heat loss is zero.Well now that I think about it, I guess it sort of makes sense. When the temperature gets too high it becomes impossible to stay in a metal container and the gas will explode out of the container.I also learned the science behind fume hoods and how they worked but I don't remember what the other attributes were that the fume hoods had besides the ability to keep the iron vapors from burning my eyes and making me cough. It sounded like an expensive device to me at the time and I didn't know what else there was to learn.The fume hoods were pretty effective but what they lacked in effective they made up for in cost. The fume hoods were bulky and seemed to interfere with the furnaces and heaters so they were not usually installed in the kitchen but they did have their uses and if the homeowners were w illing to pay for them they could make for some serious electricity savings. I also knew that there were ways to build your own fume hoods but I never got around to it because I figured that building them would cost me way too much money.One day I decided to try it out in a piece of metal tubing that I bought off of the shelf at the store and discovered that there was hydrogen peroxide in it. I then found out that there were several great recipes for hot dogs that my girlfriend was preparing and since I already had all the equipment needed to do a hot dog baking I thought that I would give it a shot.All I had to do was buy a bottle of hydrogen peroxide and combine it with some baking soda and I was ready to go. I finished the recipe in one hour flat and we had hot dogs in less than 30 minutes.

Chemistry Taught by an Ava Hadaway Chemistry Tutor

Chemistry Taught by an Ava Hadaway Chemistry TutorIs there any chemistry tutor who is more qualified than Ava Hadaway? I mean, she was the one who solved the problem in the field of chemistry that was described as a gas. Her discoveries paved the way for more advancements in science and the world of chemistry.In order to gain fame as an element, Irn combines two small things that are considered to be two parts of a larger whole. We cannot think of a thing that can be considered as a single atom if it has been divided into several smaller atoms. In this case, Irn (Volatile Nitrogen) reacts with Nitric Acid to form Nitric Acid, which in turn reacts with another compound to make Glutamic Acid, which is a di-isomeric solid, and then when separated, will revert back to the uncharged form. In short, if you can't think of a thing, you can't think of a molecule.The name iron is derived from Latin, 'nitpicks'nitro' and is the name given to a group of monatomic compounds containing N-methyl-su lfate, H-bromide, or other salts with an elevated level of chlorine ions (Cl). It has been determined that Irn contains more oxygen than other chemical elements.The name 'Nitrogen' is derived from 'nitrum,' a Greek word. The word is an acronym, which is an abbreviation for nitroxide ion. However, according to Oersted & Oersted, 'Of all the ingredients used in our textbooks, pure Na(NO3) is the most important, because in order to be useful to the human body it must be devoid of any impurities. Since Na(NO3) can no longer exist without the presence of another molecule, that other molecule becomes the 'impurity.'Reaction of Irn and Nitric Acid produces hydrogen, which then reacts with Hydrogen to produce water and then the great discovery of water as we know it today. The best part about this discovery is that the experiment started with the use of an elementary laboratory kit that could be bought over the counter.When you have to mix a chemical mixture with a gas, you need to be a ware of the dangers of the reaction with Nitric Acid and the danger of getting Hydrogen. In addition, it is necessary to make sure that the gases you are mixing are completely pure. While mixing the chemicals, it is also necessary to be very careful so that there are no chemical and poisonous gases in the mixture. You may mix a solid as a liquid mixture by using a 'watery' glass of low boiling temperature.For those of you who want to learn chemistry, Ava Hadaway Chemistry Tutor may be the perfect choice for you. In this respect, Ava hadaway is the chemist that started the field of chemistry that is known as Chemistry, the science of the composition, properties, and reactions of substances and their compounds. She played a major role in advancing the science and helping science to develop.

The Importance of Hydration for Singers

The Importance of Hydration for Singers Shanika There are many important reasons to stay hydrated for general health, but for musicians particularly vocalists hydration is a key to success. In order for your body to function properly, hydration is vital. Our bodies are made of 70% water, and hydration affects every organ and cell in your body! Hydration for Singing Singers need to take extra precautions, because your entire body is your instrument. With excessive use, vocal cords can be easily damaged, as they are made of extremely delicate tissue. If you allow yourself to become dehydrated, your voice may suffer. Whether we are speaking, singing, or humming, the sound is created by the vibration of our vocal folds. Mucus protects these vocal cords, and staying hydrated ensures that everything is working properly. If you are even slightly dehydrated, your vocal fold tissues may become dry and even permanently injured. However, simply drinking water right before a performance is not good enough! In order to keep your vocal folds truly hydrated, you need to be drinking water throughout the day. Keeping hydrated will also help to keep your throat and mouth lubricated, making speaking and articulation easier as well. Signs of Vocal Dehydration If you are using your voice professionally, or even as a casual singer, you should be able to recognize these signs of dehydration: Dry/scratchy throat The need to clear your throat often Dark yellow urine You require more effort to use your voice Excessive thirst Benefits of Hydration for Singing When you keep properly hydrated, you are setting yourself up for good voice quality. Most experts recommend drinking 8-10 eight-ounce glasses of water daily to ensure this. What to Watch Certain things can cause dehydration, as well. Here are a few to watch out for, as they may reduce your bodys fluids: Caffeine and alcohol intake should be decreased, as both act as diuretics. Air conditioning and heaters tend to dry your secretions. Using a humidifier during sleeping hours to offset these effects may be helpful. Dry climates, especially in the winter months, are dehydrating to your body. If you are in a dry environment be sure you are keeping hydrated with adequate water consumption. Some medications can dry out your vocal cords. Try to avoid medications such as antihistamines and decongestants. Milk and sugary beverages, as well as carbonated beverages, may cause thickened mucus secretions. Once you fully understand how to stay hydrated, monitoring yourself will require little to no effort. And once you see the positive effect it has on your vocal health, keeping that habit will seem like a no-brainer! Photo by vicio2 Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

ATTENTION! Policy announcement all employees - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / ATTENTION! Policy announcement all employees - Introvert Whisperer ATTENTION! Policy announcement all employees It has recently come to the attention of management that a few employees have been dying at their desk and failing to give notice. Failure to give notice of any impact to your schedule will lead to further disciplinary action up to and including: Loss of employee gym privileges.  Other employees are complaining about the unusually long amount of time being spent on such equipment as the treadmill by dead co-workers.  Treadmills should be the exclusive domain of those chasing after useless management directions. Dedicated parking slots.  Any employee of the month found dead anywhere on the premises will no longer be able to pay for the use of the employee of the month parking spot, located next to the dumpster.  Further, if your car remains in the parking lot for more than 24 hours without being moved, management will levy a parking fee of $10/day, which will come directly out of the paycheck of the offending employee. Team building and off-site meetings.  As painful as this is to management, any dead employee may have limited attendance to future off-site team building activities.  Decisions for this action are at the discretion of your immediate supervisor but are consider acceptable management practice for this company.  We do not like to reward poor behavior as it sends the wrong message to other employees that are still alive. Paycheck.  You might think you can get by with not turning in your work or making a statement of poor management practice by this behavior but it will impact your pay.  At management discretion and calculated by HR, the amount of pay equivalent by the number of days estimated that you have expired while still on the job will be subtracted from your paycheck.  This calculation, however, will be limited to one pay period only.  Your normal pay will resume in the following pay period.  For specific questions or concerns, please email your HR representative, who will ignore it for fear of ongoing beatings by executives. Breaks and Time off.  While we have never approved breaks and time off for anyone ill, in the hospital, injured or stricken with an infectious disease, dead employees will give consideration for breaks.  A written request must be submitted 2 weeks in advance, from the anonymous employee email account located in the basement torture chamber.  Any request will be automatically denied in the event that employee fails to return to their desk. Office supplies, desk plants and family pictures.  Any office supplies or personal tokens publicly displayed in the office of an offending employee will become the sole property of your immediate supervisor.  All supervisors will be allowed to auction off any confiscated items during the monthly “Lucky Employee Fair”.  Proceeds from the auction are donated to the Management, tax-free.  Any items purchased by employees are non-refundable. We regret to have to take these extreme measures due to violation by a few undisciplined, ungrateful, entitled employees but we believe these actions will allow our company to maintain its “Best Practices”. Great Leadership is a skill you can learn and I’ve developed a program to increase your skills in just 6 short weeks with a live, interactive training.  Check out the details and be ready to get going: https://introvertwhisperer.leadpages.co/leadlikeyoumeanitpilot/ By Dorothy Tannahill-Moran Have a good day and get back to work before you are beaten again. APRILS FOOLS DAY! From Dorothy Tannahill-Moran, www.introvertwhisperer.com

Looking for a promotion Use these 5 Leadership Skills - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Looking for a promotion Use these 5 Leadership Skills - Introvert Whisperer Looking for a promotion? Use these 5 Leadership Skills Many people believe you are a “natural born Leaders” and if you aren’t born that way, you have no business trying.   It turns out that leadership traits are well understood and can easily be learned.  The really good news is that those same traits are a sure-fire way to put you on the track for promotion.  The only bad news with all of this is: most people don’t know it.   I’m about to share the secrets of Leadership Career acceleration strategy with you.  You’re going to love this.   #1 â€" Initiative â€" Think about this for a minute.  Can you imagine the Leaders you know of being told go to do things?  No.  A Leader takes the initiative before someone has to tell them what to do.     #2- “Sees” what needs to be done â€" A good Leader is constantly assessing the environment for the first sign of anything that needs to be done or problems to be solving.  This is thinking beyond the immediate scope of the job.   #3 â€" Takes responsibility â€" A Leader will step up and take responsibility for work that needs to be done.  It may involve recruiting others to join forces to complete the work.  Another way to define this behavior is the “ownership” of a work effort, even if it is not formally assigned.  Any time you assemble 2 or more people to do something, the outcome will be better if someone steps up to help provide direction.   #4 â€" Communicates â€" You’ll notice that Leaders are always forthcoming with information on all types of things.  You never have to chase after them for an update or status because that is an ongoing activity you can expect from this type of person.     #5 â€" Looks to the future.  We all know Leaders share their vision of how things can be.  They look to improve the environment including their own way of working.  This ongoing look into the future inspires self but others, making it easy to be a follower.   The reason why these traits make a person promote-able is because this is what all managers wish their workers would do. In the many years that I have had people working for me, these have always been the traits I look for and when I found people who demonstrated them, they were always on the fast track. Doesn’t that make incorporating Leadership traits worth it?   Do you know what your next career step is?   Many people don’t. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook on how to construct your Career SMART Goals â€" that will help you put together your actions and keep you accountable.   Get your copy now and start your action plan today: CLICK HERE Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleash your professional potential.

The Rise Of Behavioural Economics In The 21st Century

The Rise Of Behavioural Economics In The 21st Century What Is Behavioural Economics? ChaptersBehavioural FinanceKey Figures in Behavioural EconomicsFind Out More By Reading Popular Behavioural Economics BooksBehavioural economics is a relatively new field within economics, compared to more established areas, such as neoclassical economics or post-Keynesian economic theory.Essentially, behavioural economics stands in opposition to classical economics. This is because behavioural economics, through a combination of both psychology and economics, is based on the assumption that people, when presented with economic decisions, do not always go with the rational option.Behavioural economists would argue that this is because individuals are not completely detached from their emotions when making economic decisions, and as such the heart can overrule the head at times.Classical and neoclassical economic schools of thought, on the other hand, believe that individuals:Are rational economic agents;Who are able to weigh up the benefits and drawbacks of a decision with objectivit y; andAre able to adjust and account for new information when making decisions.Until recently, neoclassical economics has enjoyed a period of almost unrivalled popularity, with many of the school’s theories and models taking pride of place among economics students and economists alike.However, with the rise of global events, such as the 2008 financial crisis, that could not be explained by traditional neoclassic economic models, other schools of economic thought are gaining even more traction. Behavioural economics, as a result, is enjoying a period of increased attention, and it’s easy to see why.With a number of Nobel prize-winning economists in the field, along with the fact that behavioural economics helps to better explain why we make the decisions we do, this relatively new, and growing field, will only gain traction.This article outlines some of the key areas of behavioural economics theory, while also highlighting some of the key figures within the field and their respec tive works.Behavioural finance examines trends in the stock markets. (Source: CC BY-ND 2.0, QuoteInspector, Flickr)Drastic plunges in stock market prices.There are many benefits to studying and understanding behavioural finance. For example, fund managers have a vested interest in understanding how behavioural finance may affect the investment decisions that they make, by helping such managers to understand the unconscious biases that they may hold which influence a decision to buy or sell an investment.Some of the main concepts of behavioural finance are outlined below.Confirmation BiasConfirmation bias is one way through which individuals have a tendency to interpret information in a biased manner. This happens because individuals tend to acknowledge evidence that supports their own interpretations or beliefs while ignoring evidence that may contradict them.Herd InstinctThe idea behind the herd instinct is people’s tendency to follow the actions of others without giving much con sideration as to whether they should actually be doing it.Herd instinct can be used to explain changes in the stock market, notoriously bubbles, for example, the dotcom bubble in the 1990s, and large-scale stock sales.Loss AversionLoss aversion is one of the cornerstone concepts of both behavioural finance and behavioural economics more generally. The theory posits that individuals feel the loss of something much more keenly than they feel about the prospect of gaining something. This means that individuals are happier to take a risk to prevent losses.Self-Attribution BiasAlso known as the self-serving bias, this concept has been studied in great detail within psychology. It describes individuals’ tendencies to attribute positive outcomes to their own abilities and knowledge, but to assign negative outcomes with events that were out of their control.Behavioural economics tries to make sense of stock market bubbles and crashes. (Source: CC0 1.0, Chrom72, Pixabay)Key Figures in Beha vioural EconomicsOver the years, a number of economists, and psychologists have emerged as prominent figures within the field of behavioural economics. Below are just a few of those pioneering economists, although you will come across many more if you end up studying behavioural economics in further detail.Daniel Kahneman and Amos TverskyKahneman and Tversky are, in some circles, considered to be some of the founding figures of the field of behavioural economics.Although Daniel Kahneman has done much to contribute to the field of behavioural economics, oddly enough, he is not actually an economist himself. A psychologist by profession, Kahneman worked with his late friend Tversky on a number of projects, with their collaboration spanning decades.In 2002, Kahneman received the Nobel Prize in economics for his contributions, although Tversky could not be in receipt of the award as well, as the awarding body does not grant posthumous Nobel Prizes.Some of their main contributions to the field of behavioural economics have been concepts such as:Loss aversion (as outlined above); andProspect theory, which in brief, posits that net losses and gains are valued and assessed by individuals differently.Richard ThalerRichard Thaler has certainly received a lot of media attention over the past few years and deservedly so. With a Nobel Prize in Economics under his belt, which was awarded in 2017, the general public’s interest in behavioural economics has continued grown along with the rise of Thaler’s ideas.Although Thaler has worked with Kahneman and Tversky previously, he is also known for his own achievements. He is perhaps most well-known for theories such as:Bounded rationality;Individuals’ inherent lack of self-control; andNudge theory.Of course, as with any area of economic thought, there are those that support the concepts outlined in behavioural economics, just as there are those that critique the field’s ideas.The main detractors of behavioural economics a re economists who believe in the concept of an efficient market, which is understandable, as essentially those that believe in efficient markets believe almost the opposite of what a behavioural economist would when it comes to analysing and predicting consumer behaviour!For instance, Eugene Fama, known as the founder of the theory of market efficiency, is not a fan of behavioural finance. One of his main arguments against behavioural finance is the fact that, while the efficient market hypothesis isn’t perfect, it’s better at predicting economic trends and behaviour compared to what behavioural finance or economics is capable of.There are lots of behavioural economics books you can read if you'd like to learn more about this area of economics. (Source: CC BY-SA 2.0, Ginny, Wikimedia Commons)Find Out More By Reading Popular Behavioural Economics BooksIf you find behavioural economics might be an area you’d like to study further, then it may be worth spending time reading some of the most popular books out there on behavioural economics.Not only should these works highlight some of the key concepts in behavioural economics, but they should also help familiarise you with the leading minds in this field, and the kinds of topics that you may end up studying if you took a behavioural economics module at university.Some popular, relatively accessible works include the following:Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness, by Richard ThalerWhy Smart People Make Big Money Mistakes,  by Gary Belsky and Thomas GilovichThe Invisible Gorilla: How Our Intuitions Deceive Us, by Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons; andThinking,  Fast and Slow, by Daniel KahnemanHowever, this list isn't exhaustive, so if you find a book on behavioural economics that appeals to you, or a friend or teacher recommends, then feel free to pick that up and give it a read instead. Ultimately, try to find behavioural economics books about topics that appeal to you, are writ ing in an interesting or engaging manner, and can help teach you something new about the field.If you’d like to learn more about behavioural economics and its key concepts, then you can also reach out to a tutor for some additional help and guidance. Superprof, for example, has tutors across a range of subjects, including psychology and economics.Simply let your economics tutor know in advance what areas of behavioural economics or behavioural finance you’d like to learn about, as this should then give your tutor plenty of time to prepare tailored teaching materials to help you get the most out of your tuition sessions. Superprof offers tuition in an online or in-person setting, on a schedule that works for you, so it’s never been easier to find a tutor to work around your schedule and budget.If you enter your postcode, then you can be matched with suitable local tutors in your area. So whether you'd like to learn more about Kahneman, or want to know the latest theories by Tha ler, there is help at hand.Read more on:the UK economy's historythe Roman Empire economythe Industrial Revolutionthe inter-war periodthe post-war boom

How to find Acting Classes in London

How to find Acting Classes in London London is the Place to be for Aspiring Thespians Looking for Drama Classes ChaptersActing Classes in LondonFind your Local Theatre Community Private Acting Coaches in LondonDrama Schools in LondonWant to take advantage of the home of the Globe theatre to become an actor? Do you simply feel like you were born to do this? From world-renowned drama schools to ab, London has a variety of learning environments for all budgets dotted all over the city.While some actors and actresses sign up to auditions without any preparation, relying on their natural talents, others train with great discipline. Faced with the complexity of today’s entertainment industry and its high levels of competition, those wishing to stand on the main stage of the Old Vic or the likes are strongly encouraged to seek formal theatre training.Waiting for your next big break? Talent is not all, take an acting class in London to sharpen your skills. (Source: www.unsplash.com)

The Cost of Visiting Spain

The Cost of Visiting Spain How Much Does it Cost to Visit Spain? ChaptersHow Much Does it Cost to Get to Spain?How Much Do Hotels Cost in Spain?The Cost of Eating in SpainHow Much Does Transport in Spain Cost?How Much Does Shopping Cost in Spain?How Much Do Attractions Cost in Spain?So How Much Should You Spend on Going to Spain?“Of the gladdest moments in human life, methinks, is the departure upon a distant journey into unknown lands.” - Richard BurtonThe cost of living in Spain is lower than in the UK.But what does that mean for somebody who wants to travel to Spain on holiday?From the north to the south of Spain, food, transport, and accommodation are a significant part of any traveller’s budget. It’s, therefore, very important that you calculate your budget before you go to Catalonia, Galicia, or Andalusia.Whether it’s the cost of paella, a hotel, or getting a ticket for the Madrid metro, you need to be ready to pay for stuff. Since travelling isn't free, you need to learn how to travel on a budget, regardless of your destination. W hether you're a tourist going to the Caribbean, Asia, or just up the road, every tourist needs to work out their budget to pay for airline tickets, accommodation, food, and attractions.Whether you're backpacking or going on a weekend getaway, in this article, we're going to look at how much it costs getting to Spain, how much you can expect to pay for accommodation, budgeting for food and dining out, and the cost of visiting tourist attractions. TadeoSpanish Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnnickSpanish Teacher 5.00 (6) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PeterSpanish Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LowriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (8) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MartaSpanish Teacher 5.00 (6) £22/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SharonSpanish Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TanyaSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Jose manuelSpani sh Teacher £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsHow Much Does it Cost to Get to Spain?Before you head on a trip to Spain, this is the first question you’ll need to answer. Travelling by plane, train, or automobile won't cost the same. However, it’s never been easier to get to Spain on a budget. There are plenty of good transport links between Spain and the UK.Before you can visit Spain, you have to get there! (Source: jarmoluk)There are plenty of low-cost airlines offering cheap travel to Spain. You can get trips to top Spanish cities like Madrid, Seville, Malaga, Barcelona, and many others. Generally, airfare can cost as little as £50. Of course, you can expect to see prices increase  during the high season.You can also take the train to Spain. This isn’t the cheapest way to travel abroad, though, as it can cost you several hundred pounds. That said, if you spend time exploring booking sites and price comparison sites, you can sometimes get cheap train tickets.There are also bus companies like Eurolines and Flixbus  that can take you to Spain on a budget. The buses tend to be the cheapest options available. However, the journey will take far longer than it would on the plane!If you like a chat, you may want to travel using a car share option.How Much Do Hotels Cost in Spain?Once you’re in Spain, you need to find the best hotel for your stay. Some people prefer to stay in a large hotel with all the services whereas others may be happy with a shared room.Luxury HotelsOf course, not everyone can afford these types of hotel. A hotel room could cost anywhere between €100 and €250 for the night. The price range is so big because of all the different types of services that could be offered.Small HotelsWhen it comes to hotels, you don’t have to stay in big hotels. You can find cheaper hotels for between €40 and €80 for a double room. However, you mightn’t get to stay in the heart of Madrid or get all the services.Hotel ChainsLike elsewher e in Europe, you can find big hotel chains in Spain. For example, Ibis Hotels offer rooms for between €30 and €150. While these aren’t typically Spanish hotels, you can get cheap rooms in good locations.Youth HostelsBackpackers or those travelling on a budget can get private rooms for a similar price to hotels or beds in a dormitory for much less. Of course, staying in a hostel is an experience in itself and is a great way to meet travellers like yourself. This is especially true if you're travelling on your own and are looking for others to explore the city with.The Cost of Eating in SpainEating in Spain isn’t always cheaper than eating in the UK. If you want to eat in restaurants, you can pay somewhere between €13 and €25 on average. This cost will add up if you eat in restaurants every day.Tapas is more than just food! (Source: unserekleinemaus)You can also eat fast-food for between €6 and €8. You can find all the regular chains as well as other fast-food places. That said, with so much good food and reasonably priced restaurants, it'd be a shame to regularly eat in McDonald's!Don’t forget to try the Spanish specialities. For example, a decent paella can cost between €10 and €15 per person. Make sure you keep in mind that paella is usually for multiple people.  A full Spanish omelette (tortilla) can be found for around €7 or €8.Don’t forget to get tapas, either! These small dishes can be a snack or part of a full meal and cost between €2 and €4 each. Whether it’s meat, fish, or vegetables, there’s something for everyone.When it comes to drinks, small beers cost between €1.50 and €3 and you can find mixed drinks for €5.If you don’t feel like eating out or your budget won’t allow it, you can always self-cater and make food in a kitchen in a youth hostel or an Airbnb. TadeoSpanish Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnnickSpanish Teacher 5.00 (6) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our t utors PeterSpanish Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LowriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (8) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MartaSpanish Teacher 5.00 (6) £22/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SharonSpanish Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TanyaSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Jose manuelSpanish Teacher £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsHow Much Does Transport in Spain Cost?Accommodation, food, and transport are the three main parts of a travel budget. You mightn’t spend much on transport if you’re staying in the city centre as you can always travel on foot. You just have to walk from A to B, after all.For those who’d like to take a metro or bus, you can pay around €2 per trip. If you’re staying in a place for a while, you’ll probably want to get a weekly or monthly ticket. Make sure you research the different tickets available where you’ll be staying.Trav elling in Spain doesn’t mean that you have to stay in just one city.  Travelling within the country is quite reasonably priced as well. You can get buses between cities for around €30 or the train for around €50.If you want to drive around Spain, you should know that petrol costs around €1.25 per litre.How Much Does Shopping Cost in Spain?Spain is great for shopping since it tends to be cheaper than in the UK.There's also much less tax on cigarettes, for example. This is why many smokers tend to bring back as many cigarettes as they can.Ready to get some souvenirs? (Source: gonghuimin468)Clothes can cost up to a third less than they do in the UK. There are even chain stores charging less than they do in the UK. You could get dresses in chain stores for between €20 and €40. However, prices are getting closer to one another.Check out Spanish markets for cheap products. You can even haggle with some market stall owners.  When it comes to souvenirs, you may want to avoid tou risty stores, especially those in the little side streets. These tend to be more expensive than elsewhere. You’ll probably want to go to markets and get something like a good bottle of olive oil.How Much Do Attractions Cost in Spain?Some tourists only want to do free things like going to the beach or having a walk around. You can save a lot of money travelling like this.On the other hand, some people will want to see all the different attractions, visit museums, and learn a lot about Spain. If you’re 25 or under, you can get discounts or free entry to certain museums and art galleries. Similarly, you can also get discounts for students or seniors.A lot of museums are either free on the first Sunday of the month or free every Sunday afternoon. Check when there's free entry or discounted entry and you could save a lot of money!So How Much Should You Spend on Going to Spain?The budget of each traveller will vary depending on where they go and what they do. A backpacker won’t spen d the same amount as someone looking at cruises or exclusive beaches. However, everyone can save a bit of money on travel.Make sure you budget for visiting the top attractions! (Source: Patrice_Audet)On average, someone travelling alone spends an average of €75 per day. You can bring this number down if you do CouchSurfing, staying a people’s houses for free.If you travel as a couple, you’ll spend less for rooms as you can share. This tends to bring the price down to €65 per person per day.That said, some can spend up to €250 per day whereas others can live off €40 per day. You can find plenty of money saving tips on budget travel sites. Even if you're really frugal, you can travel the world without breaking the bank and Spain is a great destination for sightseeing on a budget. ¡Buen viaje!

Metacognition Demystified

Metacognition Demystified At AJ Tutoring, a primary goal of our academic tutoring as well as our study skills process is to teach students how to learn in the way that best suits their unique minds. In order to accomplish this, our professional tutors aim to move beyond homework help and the specifics of today’s lesson to develop our students’ academic skills on a deeper level.Albert Einstein once said, “The development of general ability for independent thinking and judgement should always be placed foremost, not the acquisition of special knowledge.” But what is the general ability for independent thinking and judgement, and how would it be placed “foremost”? This post aims to demystify metacognition and briefly discuss the development of metacognitive skills, which are crucial for becoming a more effective thinker and learner at any age. What does “meta” mean? Meta is self-referential; it indicates a higher level of abstraction.Examples:Metadata (data about data; in computer science, catego rical information about stored data)Metaphysics (concerns the nature of nature)Metamorphoses (transformation of an established growth pattern; a morphing of morphing)So, it follows that meta learning is learning about learning. Metacognition is cognition of cognition. In general, a discussion of metacognition and metacognitive skills involves how to approach learning in an optimal way. Where do we see meta-learning knowledge applied today? What are some of the best examples of high-quality learning?The most prominent example is with developments in artificial intelligence. For example, you can read here about Alpha Zero, a chess program created by DeepMind. Unlike other chess programs, Alpha Zero teaches itself chess, and with remarkable success: within 24 hours of initiation Alpha Zero was able to best one of the most powerful existing chess programs. Because it teaches itself, Alpha Zero is an example of strong metacognition.Today, Google/DeepMind and AI is emphasizing neural netw orks, which models learning in a way more closely resembles the human process of learning rather than a process emphasizing rote memorization and raw power that we traditionally associate with computers’ learning.If we want to learn better, we may want to begin with analyzing learning. But is it even possible to breakdown learning? Yes, it is! Please find below a breakdown of the steps required to approach a problem or concept with an eye to improving metacognitive processes.SimplificationDetachment: The goal is no longer to solve the problem directly, but to understand the nature of the problem and situate it in a greater context.Evaluation: Identify structural aspects and components of the problem.Creation: Create a new line of inquiry via simplifying one or more aspects of the problem. This may involve removing components in order to reduce complexity.Application: Apply problem-solving skills to obtain a solution to the new problem created, or question asked.Analysis: Analyze y our results and re-evaluate the original problem. Do these results assist with the original problem?ImplicationDetachment: The goal is no longer to solve the problem directly, but to understand the nature of the problem and situate it in a greater context.Gathering: List true statements and any info that may be relevant to the problem.Production: Use the statements you have to produce new factual information relevant to the problem. Use “if … then” statements in order to deductively reason.Analysis: Re-evaluate the problem with the new plethora of information you have. Is it easier to solve? If not, continue to repeat this technique or switch to using the “Simplification” technique.Essentially, this is a concrete methodical skill-based approach to training your inductive and deductive reasoning skills. Train, train, trainâ€"the key is having lots of iterations and lots of failures to learn from. And this produces high-quality learning experiences.If you’d like to learn m ore about how we can help your student achieve his or her academic potential, please give us a call today!